I have an old Didier splitter that was made in the mid 70's. It has a 3" cylinder and does surprisingly well. I think that it works as well as it does because it has a very narrow wedge (3/4" thick) sharpened almost like a knife.
I split mostly oak, maple and beech, and almost never come across a log that will stop the piston. It slices through knots and crotches fairly well.
The downside is that pretty much every log goes full stroke since they don't "pop". Also the wedge is only about 6" high, so it I often have to roll a log over and split it again, as the log will be pushed full stroke, and not be split, the top side of the log will still hold it together.
I've never timed it but the cycle time seems fairly quick. In my mind it makes up for always going full stroke, and having to run some logs through a second time.
Stan