Here is the index
Contents
Preface v
Acknowledgments vii
Contributors xi
1 Characteristics and Availability of
Commercially Important Wood
Timber Resources and Uses 1–2
Species Descriptions 1–3
U.S. Wood Species 1–3
Imported Woods 1–17
References 1–34
2 Structure of Wood
Bark, Wood, Branches, and Cambium 2–1
Sapwood and Heartwood 2–2
Growth Rings 2–2
Wood Cells 2–3
Chemical Composition 2–3
Species Identification 2–4
References 2–4
3 Physical Properties and Moisture Relations
of Wood
Appearance 3–1
Moisture Content 3–5
Shrinkage 3–7
Weight, Density, and Specific Gravity 3–11
Working Qualities 3–15
Decay Resistance 3–15
Thermal Properties 3–15
Electrical Properties 3–21
Coefficient of Friction 3–22
Nuclear Radiation 3–23
References 3–23
4 Mechanical Properties of Wood
Orthotropic Nature of Wood 4–1
Elastic Properties 4–2
Strength Properties 4–3
Vibration Properties 4–25
Mechanical Properties of Clear Straight-Grained
Wood 4–26
Natural Characteristics Affecting Mechanical
Properties 4–27
Effects of Manufacturing and Service
Environments 4–34
References 4–44
5 Commercial Lumber
Hardwood Lumber 5–1
Softwood Lumber 5–7
Purchase of Lumber 5–12
Commonly Used Lumber Abbreviations 5–18
References 5–20
6 Lumber Stress Grades and Design Properties
Responsibilities and Standards for Stress
Grading 6–2
Visually Graded Structural Lumber 6–3
Machine-Graded Structural Lumber 6–7
Adjustment of Properties for Design Use 6–11
References 6–14
7 Fastenings
Nails 7–2
Spikes 7–8
Staples 7–8
Drift Bolts 7–9
Wood Screws 7–9
Lag Screws 7–11
Bolts 7–14
Connector Joints 7–18
Multiple-Fastener Joints 7–24
Metal Plate Connectors 7–25
Fastener Head Embedment 7–26
References 7–27
8 Structural Analysis Equations
Deformation Equations 8–1
Stress Equations 8–4
Stability Equations 8–8
References 8–11
9 Adhesive Bonding of Wood Materials
Adhesion to Wood 9–1
Surface Properties of Wood Adherends 9–2
Physical Properties of Wood Adherends 9–6
Adhesives 9–9
Bonding Process 9–15
Bonded Joints 9–18
Testing and Performance 9–20
References 9–23
iv
10 Wood-Based Composites and Panel Products
Scope 10–2
Types of Conventional Composite
Materials 10–3
Adhesive Considerations 10–3
Additives 10–4
General Manufacturing Issues 10–4
Standards for Wood–Based Panels 10–4
Plywood 10–6
Particle and Fiber Composites 10–13
Wood–Nonwood Composites 10–24
References 10–30
11 Glued Structural Members
Structural Composite Lumber 11–1
Glulam 11–3
Glued Members With Lumber and
Panels 11–12
Structural Sandwich Construction 11–16
References 11–21
12 Drying and Control of Moisture Content
and Dimensional Changes
Determination of Moisture Content 12–1
Recommended Moisture Content 12–3
Drying of Wood 12–5
Moisture Control During Transit and
Storage 12–14
Dimensional Changes in Wood 12–15
Design Factors Affecting Dimensional
Change 12–18
Wood Care and Installation During
Construction 12–18
References 12–20
13 Biodeterioration of Wood
Fungus Damage and Control 13–1
Bacteria 13–8
Insect Damage and Control 13–8
Marine Borer Damage and Control 13–13
References 13–15
14 Wood Preservation
Wood Preservatives 14–2
Preservative Effectiveness 14–12
Effect of Species on Penetration 14–12
Preparation of Timber for Treatment 14–17
Application of Preservatives 14–19
Handling and Seasoning of Timber After
Treatment 14–24
Quality Assurance for Treated Wood 14–25
References 14–26
15 Finishing of Wood
Factors Affecting Finish Performance 15–1
Control of Water or Moisture in Wood 15–9
Types of Exterior Wood Finishes 15–14
Application of Wood Finishes 15–19
Finish Failure or Discoloration 15–24
Finishing of Interior Wood 15–30
Finishes for Items Used for Food 15–32
Wood Cleaners and Brighteners 15–33
Paint Strippers 15–33
Lead-Based Paint 15–35
References 15–36
16 Use of Wood In Building and Bridges
Light-Frame Buildings 16–1
Post-Frame and Pole Buildings 16–4
Log Buildings 16–6
Heavy Timber Buildings 16–6
Timber Bridges 16–9
Considerations for Wood Buildings 16–10
References 16–14
17 Fire Safety
Fire Safety Design and Evaluation 17–1
Fire Performance Characteristics of Wood 17–6
Flame-Retardant Treatments 17–12
References 17–13
18 Round Timbers and Ties
Standards and Specifications 18–1
Material Requirements 18–1
Availability 18–2
Form 18–3
Weight and Volume 18–5
Durability 18–6
Strength Properties 18–7
References 18–8
19 Specialty Treatments
Plasticizing Wood 19–1
Modified Woods 19–4
Paper-Based Plastic Laminates 19–12
References 19–14
Glossary G–1
Index I–1
