Until I started reading, looking and learning, I did not notice these trees in my neighborhood. Do any of you stop by your neighbors and tell them to never hire the guys who are butchering their trees? No win situation?
How not to prune
- Thread starter masiman
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BlueRidgeMark
Addicted to ArboristSite
Ouch. I'm not anything close to an arborist, and that stuff looks bad to me!
Maybe that comes from hanging around here?
Maybe that comes from hanging around here?
Rftreeman
Addicted to ArboristSite
stub it, it'll grow back
when someone wants me too do that I try and tell them it is not good and if they insist I cut that way I will tell them I can't do the job because I don't want my name on a hack job............
when someone wants me too do that I try and tell them it is not good and if they insist I cut that way I will tell them I can't do the job because I don't want my name on a hack job............
Correct. You can however give the neighbors one of these. Invest fifteen cents, it'll come back many times over. http://secure.isa-arbor.com/store/Why-Topping-Hurts-Trees-brochures-P127C0.aspx
Why Topping Hurts Trees
Topping is perhaps the most harmful tree pruning practice known. Yet, despite more than 25 years of literature and seminars explaining its harmful effects, topping remains a common practice. This brochure explains why topping is not an acceptable pruning technique and offers better alternatives.
What is Topping?
Topping is the indiscriminate cutting of tree branches to stubs or lateral branches that are not large enough to assume the terminal role. Other names for topping include “heading,” “tipping,” “hat-racking,” and “rounding over.”
The most common reason given for topping is to reduce the size of a tree. Home owners often feel that their trees have become too large for their property. People fear that tall trees may pose a hazard. Topping, however, is not a viable method of height reduction and certainly does not reduce the hazard. In fact, topping will make a tree more hazardous in the long term.
Topping Stresses Trees
Topping often removes 50 to 100 percent of the leaf-bearing crown of a tree. Because leaves are the food factories of a tree, removing them can temporarily starve a tree. The severity of the pruning triggers a sort of survival mechanism. The tree activates latent buds, forcing the rapid growth of multiple shoots below each cut. The tree needs to put out a new crop of leaves as soon as possible. If a tree does not have the stored energy reserves to do so, it will be seriously weakened and may die.
A stressed tree is more vulnerable to insect and disease infestations. Large, open pruning wounds expose the sapwood and heartwood to attacks. The tree may lack sufficient energy to chemically defend the wounds against invasion, and some insects are actually attracted to the chemical signals trees release.
Topping Causes Decay
The preferred location to make a pruning cut is just beyond the branch collar at the branch’s point of attachment. The tree is biologically equipped to close such a wound, provided the tree is healthy enough and the wound is not too large. Cuts made along a limb between lateral branches create stubs with wounds that the tree may not be able to close. The exposed wood tissues begin to decay. Normally, a tree will “wall off,” or compartmentalize, the decaying tissues, but few trees can defend the multiple severe wounds caused by topping. The decay organisms are given a free path to move down through the branches.
Topping Can Lead to Sunburn
Branches within a tree’s crown produce thousands of leaves to absorb sunlight. When the leaves are removed, the remaining branches and trunk are suddenly exposed to high levels of light and heat. The result may be sunburn of the tissues beneath the bark, which can lead to cankers, bark splitting, and death of some branches.
Topping Creates Hazards
The survival mechanism that causes a tree to produce multiple shoots below each topping cut comes at great expense to the tree. These shoots develop from buds near the surface of the old branches. Unlike normal branches that develop in a socket of overlapping wood tissues, these new shoots are anchored only in the outermost layers of the parent branches.
The new shoots grow quickly, as much as 20 feet in one year, in some species. Unfortunately, the shoots are prone to breaking, especially during windy conditions. The irony is that while the goal was to reduce the tree’s height to make it safer, it has been made more hazardous than before.
Topping Makes Trees Ugly
The natural branching structure of a tree is a biological wonder. Trees form a variety of shapes and growth habits, all with the same goal of presenting their leaves to the sun. Topping removes the ends of the branches, often leaving ugly stubs. Topping destroys the natural form of a tree.
Without leaves (up to 6 months of the year in temperate climates), a topped tree appears disfigured and mutilated. With leaves, it is a dense ball of foliage, lacking its simple grace. A tree that has been topped can never fully regain its natural form.
Topping Is Expensive
The cost of topping a tree is not limited to what the perpetrator is paid. If the tree survives, it will require pruning again within a few years. It will either need to be reduced again or storm damage will have to be cleaned up. If the tree dies, it will have to be removed.
Topping is a high-maintenance pruning practice, with some hidden costs. One is the reduction in property value. Healthy, well-maintained trees can add 10 to 20 percent to the value of a property. Disfigured, topped trees are considered an impending expense.
Another possible cost of topped trees is potential liability. Topped trees are prone to breaking and can be hazardous. Because topping is considered an unacceptable pruning practice, any damage caused by branch failure of a topped tree may lead to a finding of negligence in a court of law.
Alternatives to Topping
Sometimes a tree must be reduced in height or spread. Providing clearance for utility lines is an example. There are recommended techniques for doing so. If practical, branches should be removed back to their point of origin. If a branch must be shortened, it should be cut back to a lateral that is large enough to assume the terminal role. A rule of thumb is to cut back to a lateral that is at least one-third the diameter of the limb being removed.
This method of branch reduction helps to preserve the natural form of the tree. However, if large cuts are involved, the tree may not be able to close over and compartmentalize the wounds. Sometimes the best solution is to remove the tree and replace it with a species that is more appropriate for the site.
Hiring an Arborist
Pruning large trees can be dangerous. If pruning involves working above the ground or using power equipment, it is best to hire a professional arborist. An arborist can determine the type of pruning that is necessary to improve the health, appearance, and safety of your trees. A professional arborist can provide the services of a trained crew, with all of the required safety equipment and liability insurance.
When selecting an arborist,
* check for membership in professional organizations such as the International Society of Arboriculture (ISA), the Tree Care Industry Association (TCIA), or the American Society of Consulting Arborists (ASCA). Such membership demonstrates a willingness on the part of the arborist to stay up to date on the latest techniques and information.
* check for ISA arborist certification. Certified Arborists are experienced professionals who have passed an extensive examination covering all aspects of tree care.
* ask for proof of insurance.
* ask for a list of references, and don’t hesitate to check them.
* avoid using the services of any tree company that
o advertises topping as a service provided. Knowledgeable arborists know that topping is harmful to trees and is not an accepted practice.
o uses tree climbing spikes to climb trees that are being pruned. Climbing spikes can damage trees, and their use should be limited to trees that are being removed.
DonnyO
ArboristSite Operative
Dixie1
ArboristSite Operative
Good for you Rftreeman . I think that is great you won't compromise your work ethic just to make some quick cash. More "professionals" need to have a conscience like that.
rebelman
ArboristSite Operative
That work is against ANSI standard. It is my understanding that this standard is used in courts of law to determine negligence, fraud, and malpractice. Thousands of communities have adopted resolutions and statutes banning the practice. Enforcement is not common, topping is widely practiced.
ropensaddle
Feel Lucky
topping
Well I do not top a tree I would rather cut the tree
than mutilate and try to recommend cable and brace!!!!
Well I do not top a tree I would rather cut the tree
than mutilate and try to recommend cable and brace!!!!
mtvigilante
ArboristSite Lurker
I was also wondering what to do about the unsightly, dangerous topping done around here. I know if I could just explain it to these people, at least I could make them feel dumb...but that doesn't do anybody any good.
I've often thought about postcards and brochures to drop by these people's places, but you cant tell someone that they had it done wrong, and expect to get business from them.
One approach I have given a lot of thought to is to talk with people who have a lot of overgrown trees and explain proper tree health care. Some think that the trees are dangerous just because they are tall...Not true. If you reduce the wind resistance in the canopy, they will be healthier and less prone to breakage, tall or not. I think a discount program for first-time, full yard customers would be a great way to educate a lot of people and to convince them that the trees know better than a guy with a ladder and a 455 rancher he bought at the hardware store.
With a large boom, like 70', and pole saws, we can get a ton done in a day. If you dont do cleanup, you can do a 5000 job for 2500 in a day or two. we have a lot of rural properties here where people just don't have the money. I would rather cut a little less profit and have a large, multi-tree display of my pruning that i can show other prospective coustomers than see someone hire one of the local hacks to do a "uniform shaping" where they reduce the tree to half of its size, and remove ABSOLUTELY ALL THE FOILAGE! This happens every day in Billings, and about half the tree companies or more do this. Its sickening!
The only worse thing that a customer can do is to do it themselves, as homeowner accidents are 5 times more likely than arborist accidents, and almost always a lot more severe!
I've often thought about postcards and brochures to drop by these people's places, but you cant tell someone that they had it done wrong, and expect to get business from them.
One approach I have given a lot of thought to is to talk with people who have a lot of overgrown trees and explain proper tree health care. Some think that the trees are dangerous just because they are tall...Not true. If you reduce the wind resistance in the canopy, they will be healthier and less prone to breakage, tall or not. I think a discount program for first-time, full yard customers would be a great way to educate a lot of people and to convince them that the trees know better than a guy with a ladder and a 455 rancher he bought at the hardware store.
With a large boom, like 70', and pole saws, we can get a ton done in a day. If you dont do cleanup, you can do a 5000 job for 2500 in a day or two. we have a lot of rural properties here where people just don't have the money. I would rather cut a little less profit and have a large, multi-tree display of my pruning that i can show other prospective coustomers than see someone hire one of the local hacks to do a "uniform shaping" where they reduce the tree to half of its size, and remove ABSOLUTELY ALL THE FOILAGE! This happens every day in Billings, and about half the tree companies or more do this. Its sickening!
The only worse thing that a customer can do is to do it themselves, as homeowner accidents are 5 times more likely than arborist accidents, and almost always a lot more severe!
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