higher bypass just means more spring pressure on the bypass before it opens. doesn't mean the head is stronger.
May have been a fluke deal, may have been low quality.
Usually the 'nail' looking thing has several grooves in it: clip closest to the end = least spring compression, used for suction (maybe, but not recommended) about 3 psi. Next groove is 10-15 psi bypass, last groove maybe 25-50 psi bypass depending on brand.
Which one is used depends on the strength of the filter element to before the pleats collapse.
Operating pressure is based on can strength or seal blowing up. Usually 100-250 psi. Differential pressure is the pressure drop across the pleats before they collapse, usually 50-75 psi.
Unfortunately they are built to cost, too many corners are cut.
Any consolation, we have a fleet of railroad maintenance equipment and the high pressure hydrostatic filters unscrew the bypass valves, or break parts, just like yours did. And these filters are $1000 each. Just due to shock and vibration. Parts move downstream, block the flow,cause caviation, and destroy motors that cost $5000 each. Been testing many different brands. All have had failures, sometimes 5 years, sometimes 5 months....