I started using the water-based degreasers, instead of petroleum solvents, cleaning up bicycle parts, because I was often working indoors, and did not want the odors or fire hazards.
‘Discovering’ sodium hydroxide was a ‘lucky accident’ for me, because one product had it and another did not. Of course, ‘lye’ has been used for ages (lots more on this in early pages of this thread).
A chemist convinced me that commercial, water-based degreasers containing sodium hydroxide, also contain detergents, surfactants, and other stuff that make them a better choice that pure lye.
I usually use ‘SuperClean’, but will check out ‘MeanGreen’ next time I am at that store where you save BIG money! Zep, and others also sell some similar products.
Just a reminder that sodium hydroxide is a caustic that is often a key ingredient in drain cleaners. So wear gloves and eye splash protection.
Sodium hydroxide will also react with aluminum, so I would avoid prolonged contact with aluminum or painted parts. And rinse well.
But for greasy, gunky chains, it is my go to product!
Philbert