Protecting Pruning Cuts
To begin, I will point out that the majority of my information comes from my notes taken from Harris' text entitled, "Arboriculture".
The purpose of asphalt emulsion or other materials is to protect the cut surface from wood-rotting organisms and to reduce surface checking due to drying of the sun. However, exposure to the sun, will result in the cracking of most coverings. So really, what have you sealed? For moisture from rain, sprinklers, or dew can then enter the cracks and accumulate in pockets between the wood and the wound covering. These circumstances are even more favorable for wood-rotting organisms than an uncovered wound.
Since decay does not appear to be a problem on thinning-type cuts on most species, little justification can be given to treat pruning wounds with a sealer.
Fresh pruning wounds attract female boring insects and are vulnerable to infection when canker-forming fungi are sporulating. Asphalt paints applied to pruning cuts reduce borer attacks, and fungicidal paint or sprays can protect pruning wounds from certain canker fungi.
The growth retardent, NAA (naphthaleneacetic acid), has been added to some asphalt emulsion and aerosol paints for application to pruning cuts. This will reduce the number of water sprouts, as well as the vigor of those that grow, by about 50%. For NAA to be effective, it must be applied to the bark around the pruning wound. It is ineffective if it is placed only on the cut xylem surface.
The pre-described text explains how the reduction of dieback and drying of pruning and bark wounds by application of a lanolin paste promoted wound closure. Some species respond to treatments such as Fongisil, LacBalsom, or Ortho Pruning Sealer by closing at least 50% more rapidly than on untreated wounds.
Confused yet? Why haven't I answered the question? Well, as the information given above illustrates, there are many different benefits and downfalls of using pruning protectors. I personally agree with John's opening statement of "...fungi want a moist dark environment to propigate. That is what sealer gives them. Also petrolium solvents can cause damage to the calus and cambium." Not to mention, I think that all protective additives are not aesthetically pleasing and unnatural. After all, are we not trying to mimic or model our urban landscapes in a natural form. If we simply like the appearance of paint, why not cement the front lawn and paint that green? Trees........who needs them...... that is what utility poles are for! I THINK NOT.
Shane Freeman