First, I am from the US and have lived in Sweden since 2009, I do not work in the forest industry here, I am no expert. I do know several landowners here and take a big interest in forest activities and talk to whoever I can about forestry and logging. That said, in this region of Sweden (Kronoberg) it is predominantly spruce wih some pine and a small amount of hardwood. Ground is basically flat and probably 95% of logging is mechanized. A large prcentage of the land here is privately owned and there are a few guys, and I mean a few, that do there own thinning and harvests. The guys that I have met run 560's with 15-18'' bars, mostly .325. Wood is mostly in the 12-24 inch range. Further south it is much more hardwood, oak and beech, 372's and 576's are much more common with bar lengths 18-20 inches running .375. This is not to say there are not guys running bigger bars but they are in the minority. On big stuff guys just gut the face and bore it.
I could ramble for pages about Swedish ideas concerning chainsaw safety but the long and short of it, no pun intended, is longer bars are more dangerous because they are harder to control and fatigue the operator faster which causes more accidents. Always bore cut and leave a strap for maximum control even on trees that are leaning back. Most guys that have a fair amount of experience just bore in and cut around the back throwing in a wedge or two as they go.
SSD...GOL etc
Dancing around a stump is ridiculous, and a waste of time...
Longer bars are no harder to control then a short bar, both can kill you, but a long bar takes more to get it moving, making it slower in a kickback, also as someone else is sure to point out, a long bar will hit dirt usually before it hits flesh.
Also, limbing while walking next to the stem is all fine and good, try that 10' off the ground, then a long bar really shines.
I feel like I've had these arguments more often then is probably healthy, but I do know that those that are willing to try a long bar, generally praise the use of them, unless you plan on limbing spruce... then yeah, a short bar can be handy.